Rahmaanir laah Bismil-Raheem, Lahi Rabbil Alhamdulil-Alamin, wa wa assalam wing assalatu Rasulilah (saw) In the Name of Allah, the Merciful, the Compassionate, all praise be to Allah The Lord of the Worlds, and the peace and blessings of Allah be upon His Prophet Muhammad (saw)
Sheikh Badr Al-Idrisi Mahfuz
Taybah Professor at the University (Madinah Al-Munawarah)
expert in "Public Speaking and Leadership"
Faculty of Arabic Language.
The speech is of paramount importance in the lives of people, is the art of correctly and eloquently expressed orally, before a group of hearing people. When someone wants to inform, teach or emphasize something important looking to cause an effect must know it well.
The oratory is a science, it has bases and principles, its development, study etc. within the field of linguistics.
The Prophet (saw) was illiterate, he had extensive knowledge of history, or geography, or language etc. However, it was a great speaker because the science was settled by Allah (swt) The khutba (Friday sermon) of the Prophet (saw) was used to inform and answer questions. Its members were input words, an introduction, main idea, the development of the idea and a conclusion.
To address the public must take into account a number of characteristics:
1-The group of listeners, cultural level, social context etc..
2-The place: if it is large, small, is ventilated, so noisy.
3-time: it depends on various circumstances. Once a man gave a speech between the adhan and iqaamah (7 minutes) and spoke of 8 different themes. This is tired and confuses people, and nothing is achieved.
To make a good impression from the start, he should have good presence. This is well dressed, not scruffy appear soiled and crumpled shirt etc. A good perfume so long ago.
Another issue with which people enjoy more and pay more attention, is the orator who knows how to use correctly body language according to what you are saying. A speaker can not speak too fast or too slow, or screaming like a madman ... can not put a smiley face and a sweet voice when you talk about the punishment of Allah, or make an angry face and a strong voice when describing Paradise.
The khutba has pillars:
1-Knowledge. (You can not talk about a topic that is not dominated. We must be clear to its foundations, etc data. This is accomplished through study and research.)
2-Call. (Seems like a joke, but many people and read out a sheet. This is not about or make a speech. People take it less seriously and start thinking about each in its own, causing a minor impact ... eventually tire the reader and listeners. It is best to speak little, well, to read a lot with good data and arguments. Do not forget that the objective is to move khutba Muslims to turn to Allah, to improve and change the bad for good.)
3-A small piece of support. (In principle it is ideal that there is nothing of this. But if one is starting you can go little by little. You might first read a text, then have a few cards support suras and hadiths, then we do not need anything ... You have to memorize the hadiths, the suras and data.)
4-People who listen.
5-The effect on people. (All discourse must make an impact on people, their faces, in their thinking and emotions. There was a sage who was able to mourn the people in his speeches and in five minutes make them laugh.)
6-Convincing. (The fact that a Muslim led and believes it depends on Allah swt But he has an important role in the process of the khutba, knowing it to the other, resulting in the right spots using the tools of rhetoric can get a great effect.)
Typical mistakes in the khutba:
1-Use profanity. Keep in mind the audience, but why not use a level of vulgar language and inappropriate.
2-Not paying attention to body language.
3-Moving from topic to topic without focusing on anything.
4-Do not look to people.
5-spoke too softly.
6-Read.
7-Not having knowledge and not be prepared to discuss the topic you want to talk. (It is best not to make the khutba in this case, and make another topic to be mastered.)
8-not memorize things and have a group of little cards in their hands.
Before oral exposure should be taken into account:
1-A who we are headed.
2-The place and conditions.
3-Choose your subject well targeted, structured role previously temporarizando parts ... You can include stories, comparisons, actual figures etc. 4-Material
support for setbacks. Perhaps a power outage and we are making a presentation using Power Point, we have to have resources such as news, maps, photos etc.
5-Set the time is very important.
6-Remember that the most influential speech is small and straightforward.
For a successful khutba:
1-We must focus on a single topic. The theme should be interesting and topical. Some people go to books and make effective tapes of khutbahs on old issues that have nothing to do with real life. For example, someone starts talking in his khutba about what to do with donkeys to not get tired, when everyone has cars.
2-Order and structural each party over time. For example, the introduction of 2 minutes. 3-To know
very foundations of the Qur'an and Sunnah to support what we say.
4-Treat yourself well and people. This means you must not say things like, "I will discuss a topic, I ask you to apologize because I did not do well or not so I have much experience ..." some people say these things out of humility, but one thing is humility and quite another to sink yourself in front of others. You must think that people will listen to you are your brothers, and they want to listen and learn. They are not there to judge. The other case is to treat others as if they were stupid. A famous king when he rose to his subjects in his speeches he always said: "I thank Allah that I have been given a higher understanding of all of you, and thank goodness that has me as your king." Praise them when they hear it is a good tool. If you use good words are hard to get rejected. In the praise must be sincere ... For example, if you talk to older people can be told: "I come to speak because I know that you are people who have lived long, you have great experience and it allows you to appreciate what I say to you "or if young people:" O young people, you have among you the two most precious assets, first of Allah in Islam is that means that you love, and second you have time, which means that you can do great things no one has done ... "
When we stop and conclude, we emphasize again the main idea and numbering a few things . There are a number of errors that we must avoid in this part:
1-Finish with a long history.
2-Talk about some bad taste.
3-repeat much.
4-Apologize and / or question people. (End phrases like: "Sorry if I bothered," "sorry if others do better than me" or "I understand that in universities, just as you arrive you 1%)
He may encounter a number of obstacles:
1-The fear of Allah. This is good and means that one is a believer. You think that Allah is watching you and punish you for saying good things that he does not comply, for example. One should seek help from Allah, and make your speech as worship of Allah, and ask the beginning of the khutba, middle and end. Allah (swt) will accept, will help and purified.
2-nerves with people. Perhaps many people, or is the first time etc. You have to think that people will appreciate and respect you, so they are there. Do not come to criticize or mock you. If you are very nervous about this, you can watch people doing a sweep, ie an overview of focus and do not stare into the eyes of a particular person or all one by one. The latter causes shyness on listeners and the speaker.
3-Other cases include: stutter, shake, loosen the voice ... Always ask refuge in Allah (swt) and with practice you get to control all this. It is a good choice to read a lot to handle data easily, and rehearse with others who want to learn to be good speakers and corrected each other's faults.
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